LangGraph Tutorial with Gemini for Beginner 🚀

If you’re just starting with LangGraph and want to build real AI workflows using Google Gemini, this beginner-friendly tutorial will help you understand everything step-by-step. Once you understand the basics, continue with how LangGraph works internally to learn more about nodes, edges, and state.

In this langgraph tutorial, we will build a simple multi-node LangGraph project where one node decides the route and the graph moves to different nodes using conditional edges.

✅ 3+ nodes
✅ Conditional Routing (If/Else Flow)
✅ Real-world scenario workflow

---

✅ What You’ll Build in This Tutorial

We’ll create an AI Customer Support Workflow.

User queries can be of 3 types:

User Query Type	Example	Route
Refund related	“I want a refund”	Refund Node
Technical issue	“App is crashing”	Tech Node
General question	“What is pricing?”	General Node

So your graph behaves like:

Router Node → Refund Node → END
Router Node → Tech Node → END
Router Node → General Node → END

---

✅ What is LangGraph (Simple Explanation)

LangGraph is a framework that helps you design workflows as a graph, where:

✅ Node

A node is a step/function in your AI workflow.

Example nodes:

• Detect intent
• Generate response
• Validate output
• Summarize content

✅ Edge

An edge is the connection between steps.

✅ Conditional Edge

A conditional edge means:

“Go to the next node based on the output.”

Example:

• If intent = refund → go to refund node
• If intent = tech → go to tech node
• Else → go to general node

---

✅ Install Required Packages

Run this in your terminal:

pip install langgraph langchain langchain-google-genai

---

✅ Setup Gemini API Key

Linux / Mac:

export GOOGLE_API_KEY="your_api_key_here"

Windows PowerShell:

setx GOOGLE_API_KEY "your_api_key_here"

---

✅ Step 1: Import Required Modules

from typing import TypedDict, Optional
from langgraph.graph import StateGraph, END
from langchain_google_genai import ChatGoogleGenerativeAI

---

✅ Step 2: Define the Shared State

LangGraph nodes communicate using a shared state.

class SupportState(TypedDict):
    user_query: str
    intent: Optional[str]
    response: Optional[str]

🔥 Why do we need State?

Because every node needs access to:
✅ user input
✅ router output (intent)
✅ final response

---

✅ Step 3: Initialize Gemini Model

llm = ChatGoogleGenerativeAI(
    model="gemini-2.5-flash",
    temperature=0.2
)

✅ gemini-2.5-flash is fast and great for beginners.

Note: Model availability may change, so please use a currently available model.

---

✅ Step 4: Create Nodes (Router + 3 Processing Nodes)

---

✅ Node 1: Router Node (Intent Detector)

This node decides what the user wants.

def router_node(state: SupportState):
    query = state["user_query"]

    prompt = f"""
You are an intent classifier.
Classify the user query into one of these intents only:
- refund
- tech
- general

User Query: {query}

Return only one word: refund OR tech OR general.
"""

    intent = llm.invoke(prompt).content.strip().lower()

    return {"intent": intent}

✅ Output of this node updates state like:

{
  "user_query": "I want refund",
  "intent": "refund",
  "response": null
}

---

✅ Node 2: Refund Support Node

def refund_node(state: SupportState):
    query = state["user_query"]

    prompt = f"""
You are a refund support assistant.
User says: {query}

Reply politely and explain the refund process in 3-5 lines.
"""

    answer = llm.invoke(prompt).content
    return {"response": answer}

---

✅ Node 3: Technical Support Node

def tech_node(state: SupportState):
    query = state["user_query"]

    prompt = f"""
You are a technical support assistant.
User says: {query}

Give troubleshooting steps in bullet points.
"""

    answer = llm.invoke(prompt).content
    return {"response": answer}

---

✅ Node 4: General Support Node

def general_node(state: SupportState):
    query = state["user_query"]

    prompt = f"""
You are a customer support assistant.
User says: {query}

Answer clearly and friendly.
"""

    answer = llm.invoke(prompt).content
    return {"response": answer}

---

✅ Step 5: Create Conditional Routing Function

This function decides which node should run next.

def route_by_intent(state: SupportState):
    intent = state["intent"]

    if intent == "refund":
        return "refund_node"
    elif intent == "tech":
        return "tech_node"
    else:
        return "general_node"

✅ This is the heart of conditional edges.

---

✅ Step 6: Build the LangGraph Workflow

graph = StateGraph(SupportState)

# Add nodes
graph.add_node("router_node", router_node)
graph.add_node("refund_node", refund_node)
graph.add_node("tech_node", tech_node)
graph.add_node("general_node", general_node)

# Start from router
graph.set_entry_point("router_node")

# Conditional edges from router node
graph.add_conditional_edges(
    "router_node",
    route_by_intent,
    {
        "refund_node": "refund_node",
        "tech_node": "tech_node",
        "general_node": "general_node",
    }
)

# End workflow after final nodes
graph.add_edge("refund_node", END)
graph.add_edge("tech_node", END)
graph.add_edge("general_node", END)

app = graph.compile()

---

✅ Step 7: Test Your LangGraph Workflow

queries = [
    "I want a refund for my purchase",
    "My app is crashing after update",
    "Can you explain your pricing plans?"
]

for q in queries:
    result = app.invoke({"user_query": q, "intent": None, "response": None})
    print("\nUSER:", q)
    print("INTENT:", result["intent"])
    print("RESPONSE:\n", result["response"])

---

✅ Expected Output Flow

✅ Input: “I want a refund”

Flow:

router_node → refund_node → END

✅ Input: “App is crashing”

Flow:

router_node → tech_node → END

✅ Input: “Pricing plans?”

Flow:

router_node → general_node → END

---

✅ What You Learned (Beginner Summary)

By completing this LangGraph beginner tutorial, you now know:

✅ How to create a LangGraph workflow
✅ How to connect multiple nodes
✅ How conditional edges work
✅ How to use Gemini in each node
✅ How routing creates smart workflows

Source Code

Please visit here to get source code LangGraph Tutorial with Gemini for Beginner .ipynb

See Also

• What is LangGraph
• How LangGraph Works Internally