Transpose of Matrix in C

Matrix manipulation is a fundamental abstract for computer programming, particularly in scientific and mathematical applications. One crucial operation is the transpose of a matrix in which we have to swap its rows and columns. In this article, we are going to write a C program to find a transpose of a matrix.

Matrix Transpose

The transpose of a matrix is a new matrix formed by interchanging it’s rows with columns.

C Program to Find Transpose of a Matrix

#include <stdio.h>
void main()
{
    int row, column;
    printf("Enter the number of rows ");
    scanf("%d", &row);

    printf("Enter the number of column ");
    scanf("%d", &column);

    int matrix[row][column], transpose[column][row];
    printf("Enter the element of Matrix\n");
    for (int i = 0; i < row; i++)
    {
        for (int j = 0; j < column; j++)
        {
            printf("Enter the element at position {%d,%d}", i, j);
            scanf("%d", &matrix[i][j]);
        }
    }
    for (int i = 0; i < row; i++)
    {
        for (int j = 0; j < column; j++)
        {
            transpose[j][i] = matrix[i][j];
        }
    }
    printf("\noriginal matrix \n");
    for (int i = 0; i < row; i++)
    {
        for (int j = 0; j < column; j++)
        {
            printf("%d\t", matrix[i][j]);
        }
        printf("\n");
    }
    printf("\nTranspose of matrix \n");
    for (int i = 0; i < column; i++)
    {
        for (int j = 0; j < row; j++)
        {
            printf("%d\t", transpose[i][j]);
        }
        printf("\n");
    }
}

Output

How the Above C Program Works?

• The program starts with the main method and the user enters the matrix. If you don’t know how to take matrix input in C refer to this tutorial – Matrix Input and Output in C
• After that, we calculate a transpose of the matrix by using nested loop and interchange values of rows with the columns.
• At the end, we print both matrices original matrix entered by the user, and transpose of matrix found by our C program.

Happy Coding

See Also

• Matrix Input and Output in C
• Matrix Addition in C